Ceramics is the hard substance, which forms through proportioning clay material, weak material and fusing agent material appropriately and then being crushed and baked under high temperature to occur a series of physical and chemical reactions. Ceramics is classified into glazed kind and unglazed kind. The glaze on surface of glazed ceramics is a kind of vitreous substance, which not only can act as decoration but also enhance mechanical strength, surface hardness and chemical attack resistance as well as other performances. At the same time, as the glaze is the smooth glassy substance with very little air holes, it is convenient for cleaning out dirt, bringing convenience for usage.

Under the glaze layer, it is the ceramics base, consisting of quartz and air holes which haven’t entered into the reaction occurring among crystalline phase, glass phase and raw material forming after high-temperature baking. Crystalline phase can enhance physical and chemical performance of ceramic ware, such as mechanical strength, wear resistance and thermal stability, but it is poor in light permeability and coarse in section. Glass phase substance is filled in the surroundings of crystalline phase substance to form a coherent integer, improving the integrated performance of ceramics. But glass phase is brittle and poor in thermal stability and wear resistance, so it should be controlled within a certain range. Glass phase can enhance light permeability of ceramics to make its section exquisite. The quartz which hasn’t entered into the reaction is called free quartz and the base containing certain amount of free quartz can make the base and a layer of glaze on its surface more close on performance and better on associativity but content of free quartz couldn’t be too much otherwise it will reduce thermal stability of ceramics and bring difficulty on baking. The air holes exist among the ceramics, making its refraction and strength reduced and water absorption enlarged.

Thereby, when carrying on direction and design, you make it clear that various kinds of raw material component, making all kinds of component contained in ceramics reach the requirements.